Revision - component 1 section B - Film industry

Industry theories

Curran and Seaton - power and industries, media industries owned by a small amount of people so the same ideologies are presented to audience 

Conglomeration - Where one company 'buys out' other companies, in order to become larger and eliminate competition

David Hesmondhalgh - media industries: vertical integration: where an organisation acquires another organisation 'up or down' in the production chain. For example paramount pictures own showcase cinemas. Horizontal integration: where an organisation buys others in the same sector (Stream publishing focuses purely on magazines. Digital/multimedia integration: "They buy into other related areas of cultural industry production to ensure cross-promotion" 

Livingston and Lunt - Regulation 

How have the films you have studied been shaped by economic factors?
(12 or 8 marks)

Knee jerk reaction 

Both I Daniel Blake and Straight Outta Compton have been absolutely influenced by economic factors, with I Daniel Blake being a major independently produced film with political themes, and Straight Outta Compton being a major release with mass market appeal. 

Plan

  • Curran and Seaton- power and politics
  • Livingstone and Lunt - regulation 
  • Hesmondhalgh 
  • vertical integration
  • horizontal integration 
  • multimedia integration 
  • eOne films
  • Universal
  • BFI - royal charter
  • BBC 
  • Legendary pictures 
  • Biopic 
  • Social realist film (I Daniel Blake)
  • New Line Cinema 
  • Conglomeration 
  • Ken Loach 
  • Indie (I Daniel Blake)
  • Major
  • Advertising strategies 
  • Social media
  • #StraightOuttaCompton
  • #WeAreAllDanielBlake 
  • 15.8 vs 201.6 million box office 
  • Distribution (theatrically shown, dvd)
  • Exhibition (shown in cinema)
Straight Outta Compton:
  • Released as a BBFC 15 rating in cinemas. Film was originally rated an 18 but was edited to widen their target audience. The film was also released as an 18 rated directors cut
  • Traditional distribution universal and production
  • Universal a huge and multinational conglomeration with the finances and power to distribute internationally, vertically integrated
  • Legendary the single and only producer, huge producer specialising in big budget films
  • Theatrical trailer is viewed 7.5 million times, with the potential to be shared on social media
  • NWA's music is an excellent example of selling and distributing to a pre-sold audience
  • Trailer shown on first Republican political debate, ensuring a mass audience, and a declaration of the film's political ideology 
  • Traditional forms of marketing including billboards, posters and trailers and magazine adverts
  • Film later distributed on Netflix, with a vast potential multinational audience, larger home audience and Now TV 
  • Choice of actors, and who they are playing. Ice Cube's son! Actors are a commodity, selling the product to the audience
  • Synergy between the film and music industry. The album Straight Outta Compton was re released on vinyl and sold through UK supermarkets, target an older, generalised, mass audience 
  • Trailer uses remixed, modernised versions of the original songs, targeting not only an existing fanbase, but also a new audience. Primarily for financial purposes  
  • 28-50 million budget is a mid to high budget Hollywood film. high stakes in terms of budget 
  • Predominantly Black cast and a black director 
  • Teaser photos released days before the films release days before the films release, on social media. Downloaded 6 million times.  Innovative marketing strategy 



I Daniel Blake


  • Primarily distributed in atypical ways
  • Official website: discounted cinema tickets for the target demographic (working class)
  • Low production values and budget, targeting primarily a middle class and socially conscious audience
  • Traditional methods of distribution. Premiered and Cannes, and then sold to the distributor eOne (for UK distribution)
  • Production: financed by BFI, BBC, Wild Bunch, Canal Plus: a British, Belgian and French production, an example of a globalised media (Co produced) demonstrates internationalisation  
  • Distributed in France under the title Moi, Daniel Blake and other European countries  
  • An independent film, created through the collaboration of many international financiers 
  • Traditional: theatrical trailer, which was also distributed digitally - 1.2 million views, word of mouth viral media 
  • Atypical distribution and exhibition methods: Outdoor screening in Newcastle, and film was also shown in social clubs and community centres, particularly in the north England, indicating the targeting of a working class audience - small specialised niche audience 
  • Risky from an economic perspective as it has a heavy politicalised ideological message, favouring the left wing labour party
  • Won Palme D'or 
  • Hashtag I Daniel Blake allowed the film to be virally marketed by online audiences
  • Depressing and hard-hitting theme
  • No known actors - Lacks star appeal 
  • Subsidised cinema tickets at £3.50 in order to ensure a working class audience are able to see it.



















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