Magazine industry 1
Difference between Component 1 and 2:
Component 1
- you get unseen texts or images
- only 2 topics
Component 2
- all topics covered
- opinion has to come across
- Historical context
- Need to make up the question yourself
- Don't have to give a balanced argument
Barthes codes:
- hermeneutic
- proairetic
- Symbolic
- Referential
Binary opposition- we see the world for what it isn't, not for what it is (Night and day)
Magazines:
- glossy covers (quality)
- lots of adverts
- more full page photographs
- free samples
- lexis more gossip
- editorials
- exclusionary mode of address
Sight and Sound - international film magazine
Front page:
Layout and design -
- Glossy cover
Images/photographs -
- black and white
- lots of images
- all focused on females, as well as cameras and film
Woman Magazine - 1964
- Focused on women
- older woman shown, for more mature audience
- Stereotype that women should be in the kitchen, yellow is eye catching and stands out
- feminine colours
- Colour choice suits the year of 1964, not today
- ideology that women wear makeup - "are you an A-Level beauty?" - hermeneutic code
-mise en scen- clothes are old fashioned today, suit the times, flowery
- suggests the way in which women should live their lives
- purple wall of the background suggests its a kitchen
- kitchen - suggests stay at home wife
- plain and uninteresting model so the audience can identify as her
- lighting - key lighting - belief that women should be happy, bright and optimistic
- personal response - text used looks handwritten, women may feel empowered due to the name and the font type
- Your kitchen - demanding - but also addressing the audience- direct mode of address
- from male audiences seeing the women and finding her attractive may mean women want to change the way they look in order to be attractive to men like the women
- 7 star improvements - not being good enough, inadequate
- aspirational
- 'pride of being British - British women have a special magic'
- model may seem unattractive as she looks plain and boring - so they wouldn't want to read it
- upper and middle class wouldn't be as interested in this magazine
- airbrushed teeth - so they stand out and aspirational
- hegemonic rules in the way in which women dress - flowers on dress
- she is looking right at us - personal, direct mode of address - friendly look
- article focus on men
- cookery - stereotype women should be in the kitchen
- female related contents page
- really important to how women look, beauty section - make up to work miracles so assumption that women who don't where makeup are not very attractive - hegemonic power
- women are supposed to be mothers - back to school clothes addressed to the mother - hegemonic power
Changes that happened with women n 1960s:
- women were objectified 1950s - wives should be cooking thats what they are for - but this was all changing in 1960s
-Women were going into higher education
- women were more involved in the ads, as it suggests women have more money and power
David Gauntlet - theories of identity
- audiences are not passive, and media products allow the audience to construct their own identities
- by way of example, what subcultures exist around
- genres of music
- certain genres of tv show (e.g.sci-fi)
- certain genres of video game (e.g.MMORPGs?)
Pick and mix:
Refers to the fact that the audience will pick and mix the producers ideology on hat they agree with and what they don't
What will the audience pick and mix:
- They would pick the table top section to read as its creative and means they can design their own kitchen
- would just skim over the articles
- different audiences will react differently to the articles
- Time changes - sexism
- being smart with your money - trying to get the womens money - so its suggesting that women don't have access to this much money
- Talking about DIY, so not necessarily meeting stereotypes as well as teaching her son how to cook
- could cultivate the view with the ideology of women that they should be seen in the kitchen
Feminist theory - Lisbet van Zoonen
- Gender is constructed through codes and conventions of media products, and the idea of what is male and what is female changes over time
- Womens bodies are used in media products as a spectacle for heterosexual male audiences , which reinforces patriarchal hegemony
The male GAZE
Representation of women in 1964:
- they please men, they are there to make mens lives better and easier
- British women are "mysterious and different" - Exotic
- Snow - capped volcanoes - objectification
- He is saying its ok to objectify women if you are married
- the pictures of Hitchcock shows he isn't a good looking man, yet there are 4 pictures so its giving a face to the name
- The picture of Grace Kelly was used as she is pretty and attractive, she looks quite vulnerable and passive
- like a monologue as Hitchcock looks like the only one talking
- Stereotype that all British women are mysterious
Component 1
- you get unseen texts or images
- only 2 topics
Component 2
- all topics covered
- opinion has to come across
- Historical context
- Need to make up the question yourself
- Don't have to give a balanced argument
Barthes codes:
- hermeneutic
- proairetic
- Symbolic
- Referential
Binary opposition- we see the world for what it isn't, not for what it is (Night and day)
Magazines:
- glossy covers (quality)
- lots of adverts
- more full page photographs
- free samples
- lexis more gossip
- editorials
- exclusionary mode of address
Sight and Sound - international film magazine
Front page:
Layout and design -
- Glossy cover
Images/photographs -
- black and white
- lots of images
- all focused on females, as well as cameras and film
Woman Magazine - 1964
- older woman shown, for more mature audience
- Stereotype that women should be in the kitchen, yellow is eye catching and stands out
- feminine colours
- Colour choice suits the year of 1964, not today
- ideology that women wear makeup - "are you an A-Level beauty?" - hermeneutic code
-mise en scen- clothes are old fashioned today, suit the times, flowery
- suggests the way in which women should live their lives
- purple wall of the background suggests its a kitchen
- kitchen - suggests stay at home wife
- plain and uninteresting model so the audience can identify as her
- lighting - key lighting - belief that women should be happy, bright and optimistic
- personal response - text used looks handwritten, women may feel empowered due to the name and the font type
- Your kitchen - demanding - but also addressing the audience- direct mode of address
- from male audiences seeing the women and finding her attractive may mean women want to change the way they look in order to be attractive to men like the women
- 7 star improvements - not being good enough, inadequate
- aspirational
- 'pride of being British - British women have a special magic'
- model may seem unattractive as she looks plain and boring - so they wouldn't want to read it
- upper and middle class wouldn't be as interested in this magazine
- airbrushed teeth - so they stand out and aspirational
- hegemonic rules in the way in which women dress - flowers on dress
- she is looking right at us - personal, direct mode of address - friendly look
- article focus on men
- cookery - stereotype women should be in the kitchen
- female related contents page
- really important to how women look, beauty section - make up to work miracles so assumption that women who don't where makeup are not very attractive - hegemonic power
- women are supposed to be mothers - back to school clothes addressed to the mother - hegemonic power
Changes that happened with women n 1960s:
- women were objectified 1950s - wives should be cooking thats what they are for - but this was all changing in 1960s
-Women were going into higher education
- women were more involved in the ads, as it suggests women have more money and power
David Gauntlet - theories of identity
- audiences are not passive, and media products allow the audience to construct their own identities
- by way of example, what subcultures exist around
- genres of music
- certain genres of tv show (e.g.sci-fi)
- certain genres of video game (e.g.MMORPGs?)
Pick and mix:
Refers to the fact that the audience will pick and mix the producers ideology on hat they agree with and what they don't
What will the audience pick and mix:
- They would pick the table top section to read as its creative and means they can design their own kitchen
- would just skim over the articles
- different audiences will react differently to the articles
- Time changes - sexism
- being smart with your money - trying to get the womens money - so its suggesting that women don't have access to this much money
- Talking about DIY, so not necessarily meeting stereotypes as well as teaching her son how to cook
- could cultivate the view with the ideology of women that they should be seen in the kitchen
Feminist theory - Lisbet van Zoonen
- Gender is constructed through codes and conventions of media products, and the idea of what is male and what is female changes over time
- Womens bodies are used in media products as a spectacle for heterosexual male audiences , which reinforces patriarchal hegemony
The male GAZE
Representation of women in 1964:
- they please men, they are there to make mens lives better and easier
- British women are "mysterious and different" - Exotic
- Snow - capped volcanoes - objectification
- He is saying its ok to objectify women if you are married
- the pictures of Hitchcock shows he isn't a good looking man, yet there are 4 pictures so its giving a face to the name
- The picture of Grace Kelly was used as she is pretty and attractive, she looks quite vulnerable and passive
- like a monologue as Hitchcock looks like the only one talking
- Stereotype that all British women are mysterious
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